The principle of the device of the hydraulic jack of the

Nowadays, many people no longer need to lift a large load to any level of height. The production of jacks allowed us to improve the processes of building and repairing automobiles, since the use of this device is associated with the lowest costs and safety in carrying out cargo lifts.

The bottle-type jack lifts the load to a greater height, with a loading capacity of 2-100 tons and more.

The presence of a jack in any garage facilitates the repair of a personal car, while increasing the level of its effective use. The mechanism drives the hydraulics. Distinguish hydraulic jacks on features of designs. They can have one or two plungers, as well as a specific type of drive device. For example, a manual drive mechanism has the ability to periodically operate, while the electric one operates continuously.

Divide hydraulic lifting mechanisms based on the type of construction into bottle jacks and rolling. Bottle jack belongs to the class of lifting equipment. The device lifts the load to a greater height. Such mechanisms have a carrying capacity of 2-100 tons and more.

What works allows you to perform the device jack bottle type

Table of characteristics of jacks.

The scope of application of bottle jacks is auto repair service related to car maintenance and repair. Bottle type jack is widely used in the railway sector, because it allows the repair of trains.

We use hydraulic jack as a power unit of presses, pipe benders or pipe cutters. If after inspecting the mechanism it is possible to conclude that the device is in good condition, then work should be started In combination with a large carrying capacity, the compact size of the instrument allows it to be used in garages and workshops. The device can be transported in the trunk of a car, which allows for the replacement of punched wheels when the need arises.

The mechanism of bottle-type jacks is reliable. Hydraulic jacks are used in the process of car repairs, which must be raised and fixed at the desired height. For example, the mechanism allows you to remove the wheels of the car for its subsequent balancing with the help of special equipment.

It is convenient to transport it, which is carried out exclusively in the vertical position, since the oil in the horizontal position of the tool is able to flow out. In general, its service life is determined by the number of gaskets and seals in its device.

The design of the hydraulic jack of the bottle type and its features

The device of the jack bottle.

The device of the bottle-type jack is shown in the figure. Each element of the structure corresponds to a specific number, implying the presence in the mechanism:

1. Handles.
2. Pump
3. The valve.
4. Reservoir.
5. Cylinder.
6. Stock
7. Screw

The suction valve is located on the tank nozzle. This should impede the process of returning fluid back to the reservoir if the pump plunger is lowered. The location of the discharge valve relates to the cylinder nozzle, which does not allow the hydraulic fluid to leave the cylinder when raising the pump plunger of hydraulic fluid.

The valve is opened by a special screw that allows pressure relief in the device. Then the load falls to the ground. In general, this design is time-tested.

The connection of the bottle jack to the pump or pumping station is due to the presence of the coupling half coupling, which is a quick-release coupling. It eliminates fluid loss as a result of disconnecting the instrument from the pressure source. The main structural elements are:

The quick-release coupling half of the bottle jack eliminates fluid loss as a result of disconnecting the tool from the pressure source.

1. Housing
2. Extendable plunger (piston).
3. Working fluid (hydraulic oil).

The housing is a guide cylinder for the plunger and at the same time a special reservoir for the working fluid. If the jack has a lifting capacity of up to 20 tons, then the location of its lifting foot is marked in the part of the screw that is screwed into the plunger. Therefore, the initial height of the mechanism can be increased when the screw is reversed.

The plunger must pump oil from one common reservoir to another, located under the piston. When oil appears under the piston, it should move. Oil no longer returns to the common reservoir due to valve actuation. While the plunger is working, the oil in the tank under the piston flows more and more from the common tank.

An integral element of the bottle jack is a liquid that has the characteristics of an incompressible working material. This allows you to smoothly lower and raise the load, as well as fix it at a certain height, ensuring accuracy when braking.

The spindle oil allows you to smoothly lower and lift the load, as well as fix it at a certain height.

To regulate the speed of the process of lowering the load allows the hole required for the outflow of special fluid coming from the cylinder, which may have a different composition. It is possible to use non-freezing mixtures, which include the following components:

1. Alcohol.
2. Water.
3. Technical glycerin.
4. Spindle oil.

The spindle oil freezes at a temperature level below 35 ° C. When choosing a bottle jack, the height of lifting and pickup is taken into account, and not just the load capacity. Load capacity may be sufficient to raise the car, and the working stroke will be low. This requires control over the level of hydraulic fluid, glands and their tightness.

Properties and characteristics of the bottle jack

The bottle jack has excellent loading capacity with little effort.

Jacks are made of simple or stainless steel, which can be alloyed. It may be aluminum. The hydraulic jack, which has a rigid structure, is a stable mechanism with a smooth course during its operation.

The device is characterized by braking accuracy, compactness, high efficiency (0.75 - 0.8). It allows you to lift loads from almost zero height. Due to such features of the design of the jack, its scope is very wide. The design of bottle jacks has its main disadvantages and advantages, since this device is characterized by the presence of:

1. Maximum smoothness of the jack.
2. High efficiency and excellent loading capacity with a minimum of applied force.
3. Special liquid is non-flammable and non-freezing.

The efficiency of the mechanism, reaching 80%, provides a significant load capacity, which is 100 tons or more. This characteristic appears with little effort applied to the pump plunger, because due to the presence of valves, the force applied to the lever can increase tenfold. Having a low speed, the device has a small lifting cycle, which is not characterized by high altitude.

If the jack lifted the load, but gradually spontaneously lowered, then the reason should be sought in the relief valve or cuffs.

Among other shortcomings of the device are difficult storage and transportation conditions. Storage and transportation of the jack is carried out in a vertical position. Otherwise, there is a spreading of the working fluid, which leaves the volume that is reserved for it.

The mechanism of the jack has a rigid structure and does not require too much effort applied to the drive handle. A complex device can be not only insufficiently stable, but also have not a very large working stroke, have great weight and initial height.

Among the properties of the hydraulic jack of the bottle type can be identified:

1. The ability to lift weight, which is equal to the weight of the car or other object that you want to lift.
2. Stock stroke.
3. Lifting height
4. Pickup height.

All these properties should be carefully studied before buying a new device. For example, the height of the lifting load can vary between 20-60 cm. However, the characteristics of the hydraulic jack should be taken into account, which are related to the following indicators:

Upon detection of corrosion and damage to parts of the jack they are replaced.

1. Load capacity of the bottle jack, that is, the maximum possible weight of the lifted load.
2. The height of the pickup, namely the minimum distance between the surface, which is the reference (ground, floor, etc.), as well as the pickup, which is the reference point of the device, which is in the lower working position.
3. Lifting height, that is, the maximum distance from the supporting surface to the pickup in the working position from above.
4. The working stroke, which is the distance between the upper and lower working position of the pickup.
5. Own weight in working condition.
6. A gear ratio that shows how the areas of the plunger of the hydraulic pump and the lifting plunger of the hydraulic jack are related.

From these characteristics will depend on the capacity of the engine of the electric pump and the force applied to the handle of the jack.

How is the lifting of cargo bottle jack

To actuate the hydraulic jack pump pump manually or from a power source. When filling the bottom of the cylinder with oil, the piston rises. The presence of a relief valve is characteristic of the device jack. The composition of this structural element includes a suction and discharge valve. Due to them, the necessary pressure in the working cylinder is created and maintained.

Hydraulic bottle jacks are the most popular tools for repairing a car or an old house.

The device operates in accordance with the following scheme. Initially, the special fluid is pumped through the valves into the cylinder reservoir due to the action of the plunger pump. This fluid produces the necessary pressure on the piston, which moves the load to a height with the help of a special handle.

If these types of devices are used less frequently, it is better not to leave the locking mechanism tight to the end when storing them. The device is able to work exclusively in a vertical position. It can only lift the load, not hold it.

The housing of the device simultaneously performs the role of a guide cylinder for the piston and a reservoir for the working fluid. The injection pump of the mechanism accepts the gain sent by the drive handle through a special lever. The fluid being pushed upward is fed from the reservoir into the pump cavity.

In another case, it is injected into the cavity of the working cylinder when you press the handle of the device. When this happens, the plunger protrudes. In order for the liquid in both cases not to flow back, the design is equipped with a suction and discharge valve.

When working with the device is required to comply with safety regulations. The mechanism cannot be used at the limit of its capabilities. Do not attempt to lift loads that exceed the load capacity specified by the manufacturer. Buying a bottle jack is better to make, taking into account the power reserve.

The principle of operation and inspection of the device of the bottle jack

The principle of operation of the bottle jack.

Before using the bottle jack, an external inspection of the bottle jack is carried out, which makes it possible to draw the appropriate conclusion about the condition of the device. It must be intact, otherwise repair of the hydraulic jack will be required. The device must contain a stamp and tags that bear the designation of the mechanism's carrying capacity, the date of testing and the number.

After inspecting the mechanism, check the safety devices. It is required to try out the idle operation of the device during lifting and lowering. If, during the inspection of the mechanism, it was possible to detect certain malfunctions that impede the safe implementation of the work, then one should seek the assistance of a specialist if it is not possible to independently correct all the flaws.

The tank, located inside the bottle jack, contains an incompressible fluid (oil).

A pump with a lever is located on the side of the vessel. When the lever rises, the oil enters the pump, and when it is lowered, the liquid flows into the cylinder. As a result, the stem rises. Oil flows into the tank if the check valve screw is loosened. When this occurs, the lowering of the rod.

Due to the hydraulic principle of action there is a smooth lowering and lifting of heavy loads (efficiency up to 80%). To lift even very heavy loads it is not necessary to put a lot of effort. For the bottle jack is characterized by the presence of a large reference area. So the load will not slide off, which will ensure safe implementation of work.

After working with the jack, the tool is freed from the load, cleaned from dirt and dust, brought to the required position, allowing the device to be transported.