How to solder the wires soldering iron

Soldering is quite a painstaking and delicate process, and beginners often have a question about how to solder the wires correctly. It is not possible to twist the wire during the installation; it is best to connect the wires with a soldering iron. You can connect the wires with the help of terminals, but this method is much worse in quality than soldering.

The design of the soldering iron.

What do you need for soldering?

In a household, situations often arise in the need to connect wires; the most reliable and effective way is to connect them by soldering. How to solder a soldering iron, should know any home artist.

Before you do any work yourself, including soldering a soldering iron, you need to properly prepare the workplace. The table should be covered with a material that is not afraid of drops of molten solder, which during operation may fall on it.

Types of twisted wires.

To do the job you will need:

• soldering iron;
• solder;
• rosin (there is a solder in the form of wire, inside which there is already rosin);
• convenient and reliable stand for a soldering iron;
• a work table coated with metal or on it should be a metal stand;
• material to wipe the soldering tip, it can be a sponge or a piece of damp cloth;
• pliers;
• file;
• sandpaper;
• tweezers;
• knife.

The main working tool is a soldering iron. This is an electrical device, it consists of a handle and a heating part. The handle is made of plastic or wood so that it does not heat up during operation. Depending on the power of the specified tool, the temperature of its working part will be different, usually it is more than 300-350 ° C.

Before soldering wires or other parts, the surface must be cleaned and the solder flow must be optimally spread; rosin is used for this.

Scheme of capillary soldering of copper.

In some cases, this can be used acid for soldering, but in its qualities it is inferior to rosin.

The material with which the connection is directly performed is solder, tin is used for this. In order to solder the wire or radio parts with a soldering iron, a wire can be used, inside which there is already a rosin. This greatly simplifies and speeds up the work, as you need, with the help of a heated soldering iron, simply melt the solder together with tin.

It is possible to use impure tin, the melting point of which is 230 ° C, and its mixture with lead. The melting point of such a composition is about 190 ° C, it is cheaper and is usually used when installing radio components, so as not to cause them to overheat.

Sequence of work

It is best to do all the work at the desk, but there are times, for example, when connecting electrical wiring, when this is not possible. Then equip the workplace directly in the area of ​​work. As a work surface, you can use a wooden plank about 1 cm thick, also do not forget about the extension cord, it will be needed in the case when the place of work is located at a considerable distance from the outlet.

The wires are removed from the insulation at a distance, which ensures the normal performance of work. If the cable has already been used before, it is best to bite off the bare ends, as they are highly oxidized. If you connect a multicore cable, it is necessary to twist it lived in a single whole clockwise.

You can work as a soldering iron only after it has warmed up well, it takes some time. After the tool reaches the operating temperature, it is lowered into the rosin and the ends of the wire to be connected are processed.

Schemes of temperature controls of the soldering tip.

After rosin treatment, the ends are treated with solder so that it is evenly spaced, the wire must be rotated. On the wire should not be left untreated places, the solder should lie flat, solid layer, without bumps. It now remains to combine the two wires and connect them with a soldering iron into one.

It happens that it is impossible to tin the wire due to the fact that it is coated with varnish. In such cases, an aspirin tablet will help. It is put on a board, a wire is placed on top and heated with a soldering iron for several seconds.

If there is no aspirin at hand, you can use a piece of insulation to remove varnish, put the wire on the insulation, then press it with a soldering iron, and you have to slowly pull the wire. You can remove the varnish with a knife or sandpaper, but in this case there is a high probability of cable damage, especially if it has a small cross section.

While using insulation or aspirin for cleaning varnish, it must be remembered that when they warm up, there will be released substances that can harm health. In this case, you must use personal protective equipment and ventilate the room.

If you often need to combine the occasion with a protective coating in the form of varnish or enamel, it is better to buy a special composition for removing varnish.

Most often it is necessary to solder copper wires, since they are mainly located in household household appliances. The connection of the wires is carried out by laying a part of the cable on each other and then connecting them, or they are first twisted and then soldered. The method of connection in each case is determined individually. Before starting work, all wires must be de-energized. After you have completed the connection, this place must be insulated, for which use heat shrink or duct tape.

The power of the soldering iron in each case is determined individually, if you have correctly performed the soldering process, then such a connection will be strong and reliable.